Sickle Cell Disease ni indwara ndangasano iboneka mu turemangingo tw’amaraso atukura ifasha gutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri.
Iyi ndwara ituma utwo turemangingo duhindura ishusho, tukamera nk’umuhoro, bikabangamira itembera ry’amaraso kandi bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by’ubuzima.
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO) rigaragaza ko ku Isi hose abantu barenga miliyoni 7.7 bafite iyi ndwara, mu gihe buri mwaka havuka abana barenga ibihumbi 500 bayifite. Abagera kuri 80% by’abo bana bavukira muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara.
Iyi ndwara ikomoka ku ruhererekane ndangasano, ikaba ishobora kugera ku mwana ivuye ku babyeyi be. Iyo itamenyekanye hakiri kare cyangwa umurwayi ntahabwe ubuvuzi bukwiye, ishobora gutera ububabare bukabije, amaraso make, kwangirika kw’ingingo z’umubiri ndetse n’urupfu.
Ku muntu utarwaye Sickle Cell Disease, uturemangingo tw’amaraso atukura tuba dufite ishusho y’uruziga kandi dushobora guhindura imiterere, bigatuma tunyura mu mitsi byoroshye. Ku muntu ufite iyi ndwara, utwo turemangingo dushobora kugira ishusho y’umuhoro, tugakomera kandi tukagorana kunyura mu mitsi mito.
Ibi bishobora gutuma amaraso atembera nabi, bityo ibice bimwe by’umubiri ntibibone ogisijeni ihagije. Utwo turemangingo kandi dupfa vuba kurusha ibisanzwe, bigatuma umurwayi ashobora kugira amaraso make.
Ibibazo bishobora guterwa n’iyi ndwara birimo ububabare bukabije, umunaniro, kubyimba ibiganza n’ibirenge, kwandura indwara zitandukanye kenshi no kwangirika kw’ingingo z’umubiri. Uburemere bw’ibimenyetso bushobora gutandukana bitewe n’umuntu n’ubwoko bw’indwara afite.
WHO igaragaza ko abana bavukanye ubwoko bukomeye bwa Sickle Cell Disease bashobora gupfa batarageza ku myaka itanu iyo batamenyekanye hakiri kare ngo bahabwe ubuvuzi bukwiye. Imibare igaragaza ko hagati ya 50% na 80% by’abo bana bashobora gupfa batarageza kuri iyo myaka mu gihe batitaweho uko bikwiye.
Kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye ni uko hari abarwayi batamenyekana hakiri kare cyangwa impamvu y’urupfu rwabo ntigaragazwe neza, bigatuma umubare nyakuri w’abahitanwa n’iyi ndwara ushobora kutagaragara mu mibare isanzwe.
Kuba Sickle Cell Disease ari indwara ndangasano bituma isuzuma ry’abana bakivuka rigira uruhare rukomeye mu kuyimenya hakiri kare. Iyo umwana agaragayeho iyi ndwara, ashobora gukurikiranwa n’inzobere mu buvuzi kugira ngo ahabwe ubuvuzi bumunogeye hakurikijwe uko ubuzima bwe buhagaze.
Mu ngamba zifasha kugabanya ingaruka zayo harimo gukingira abana inkingo zikenewe, kubaha imiti igabanya ibyago byo kwandura indwara zimwe na zimwe no gukurikirana ubuzima bwabo buri gihe. Iyi miti n’izindi ngamba z’ubuvuzi bigomba gutangwa hakurikijwe inama z’inzobere.
Gusobanukirwa n’iyi ndwara, kumenya ibimenyetso byayo no kugana abaganga igihe bikenewe bifasha mu kugabanya ibibazo ishobora gutera no kurinda ubuzima bw’abayirwaye.
