Abantu batagize amahirwe yo kwiga ngo babe bazi gusoma, kwandika no kubara baterwa ipfunwe no kuba mu bujiji, kandi ngo kutiga mu buzima busanzwe bibagiraho ingaruka zirimo kwiheza mu bandi no kutajya kure ngo batayoba.
Mu ruhame, biragorana kubaza abantu batazi gusoma no kwandika, ngo uhite ubona ababyemera. Abatabizi ntibabigaragaza, kuko ngo bitera ipfunwe mu bandi.
Raporo y’ubushakashatsi ku mibereho mu ngo bwa EICV5, bwakozwe muri 2016-2017, bushyirwa ahagaragara muri 2018 bugaragaza ko mu Rwanda, abatazi gusoma no kwandika, bafite imyaka iri hejuru ya 15, ari 27%.
Akarere ka Ngoma gatangaza ko buri mwaka, kabarura ikigereranyo cy’abakuze biga muri gahunda yo gusoma, kwandika no kubara babarirwa hagati 2,000 na 3, 500.
Umubyeyi Uwimana (izina rindi twamwise) muhaziyacu.rw yaganiriye na we w’imyaka 40 utuye mu Kagari ka Gatonde, Umurenge wa Kibungo ni umwe muri bake bemera ko atazi gusoma no kwandika.
Tuganira yasobanuye muri make icyatumye atabimenya, n’ingaruka bimugiraho.
Ati: “Ibibazo ngira nk’ubu sinafata urugendo njyenyine ngo ngiye nk’i Kigali ntafite uwo tujyana gutega imodoka ngo tugeraneyo, kubera kutamenya gusoma ibyapa, nayoba. Mu rusengero iyo abandi bagiye gusoma muri bibiliya njyewe ngira isoni, ni ukumva gusa mu mutwe.”
Uwimana asobanura ko kutamenya gusoma, kubara no kwandika mu myaka 40 ishize yabitewe no kuvutswa n’ababyeyi be ayo mahirwe.
Ati: “Kutamenya gusoma njyewe byatewe n’ababyeyi banjye batatumye niga, ntabwo nigeze niga kubera ubukene bw’iwacu ariko mbona batari banakennye by’uko ntakwiga ahubwo ntibabyitagaho. Kuba muri ubwo bujiji byanteye ipfunwe, ngeze aho ndabyakira, urabona ko nkuze.”
Akomeza asobanura ko ipfunwe byamuteye, ryanatumye afata ingamba z’uko abana yabyaye bagomba kwiga byanze bikunze, kugira ngo ingaruka kutiga byamugizeho, zitazabageraho.
Ati: “Ubu u Rwanda mbona ruri mu iterambere, kera twebwe batubuzaga kwiga tukaragira inka, ariko ubu nta nka tugifite, ubu abafite uburyo baraharanira kwigisha abana mu mashuri. Nanjye sinakwifuriza umwana wanjye kutiga ngo ahinduke injiji nkanjye utazi gusoma no kwandika.
Ubu mfite abana batatu, ariko mparanira ko bose biga, umwe ageze mu mwaka wa gatatu w’ayisumbuye abandi bariga mu mashuri abanza, bose ubu nishimira ko bazi gusoma no kwandika nibura.”
Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi, nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, Leta y’u Rwanda yashizeho gahunda zirimo iyo guteza imbere uburezi, ishyiraho gahunda y’uburezi kuri bose n’ubudaheza, amashuri yegerezwa abaturage kandi ahenshi ikiguzi ku mashuri gikurwaho nko mu burezi bw’ibanze bw’imyaka Icyenda na 12.
Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Ngoma buvuga ko umuco wo kubara, kwandika no gusoma ukwiye kwimakazwa guhera ku bato n’ababyiruka, abakuze batagize amahirwe yo kwiga na bo bakitabira gahunda yashyizweho yo kubigisha gusoma no kwandika mu bice batuyemo, itangwa ku buntu.
Umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Ngoma Nambaje Aphrodise ni byo asobanura ati: “Muri gahunda yo kwigisha abakuze, hari n’ab’imyaka iri hejuru ya 40 biga kandi bakabimenya, ntabwo bikomera icyambere ni ubushake. Turashaka ko abantu bamenya gusoma, no kwandika ariko bakamenya no kubara neza n’ ibyo batunze.”
Mu bantu basaga ibihumbi 390 batuye Akarere ka Ngoma, Ubuyobozi bwa ko bugaragaza ko butazi umubare w’abatazi gusoma no kwandika, kuko ngo abenshi bagira ipfunwe ryo kubyemera.
Muri uyu mwaka wa 2020, hashize imyaka 8, mu mihigo y’aka karere hashyirwamo no kwigisha abakuze gusoma, kwandika no kubara nta kiguzi, aho nibura kagaragaza ko buri mwaka higishwa abasaga ibihumbi bibiri, bikagirwamo uruhare n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye barimo amadini n’amatorero, ku isonga Akarere kagaragazamo ADEPR.
Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Ibarurishamibare mu Rwanda (NISR) yagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi ku miturire yerekana ko mu Banyarwanda bafite imyaka guhera kuri 15 kuzamura, abari bazi gusoma no kwandika bari 68% muri 2012, bavuye kuri 64.4% muri 2002; bavuye kuri 38.2% mu mwaka 1978.
